What is Acute Malnutrition?
Acute malnutrition is a devastating public health problem of epidemic proportions. Worldwide, some 55 million children under the age of five suffer from acute malnutrition and 19 million of these from the most serious type – severe acute malnutrition. Every year, 5 million children die of malnutrition.
The human body needs energy and nutrients to function. If food intake is inadequate, the body begins to break down body fat and muscle, the metabolism begins to slow down, thermal regulation is disrupted, the immune system is weakened and kidney function is impaired.
Decreased food consumption, increased energy expenditure and illness result in a poor nutritional state known as malnutrition (or undernutrition). Malnutrition is associated with increased illness and death, reduced educational achievements, productivity and economic capacity, and is one of the principle mechanisms behind the transmission of poverty and inequality from one generation to the next. Malnutrition manifests itself in the form of micronutrient deficiencies, stunting (also known as chronic malnutrition), and/or acute malnutrition. Acute malnutrition is caused by a decrease in food consumption and/or illness resulting in sudden weight loss or oedema.
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